Where on the Internet to Find Charles Doolittle Walcott’s Papers on the Cambrian

It is staggering the volume of work that Charles D. Walcott (1850-1927) produced.
       
I was looking for a particular point mentioned by Walcott, had trouble finding it, and decided to compile a list of his papers on the Cambrian so that next time it will be easier to find what I’m looking for.  (Query whether,  having failed to mark the particular paper of interest, I’m any farther ahead?)

I couldn’t leave out a few of Walcott’s other papers that I found particularly interesting or entertaining, and I do not expect my list to contain all of his papers on the Cambrian.

While the Smithsonian published each of Walcott’s papers as individual parts before publishing Cambrian Geology and Paleontology  I, Cambrian Geology and Paleontology II, Cambrian Geology and Paleontology III,   Cambrian Geology and Paleontology IV  and Cambrian Geology and Paleontology V,  I have provided the publication dates for the composite volumes.

Christopher Brett
Ottawa

Walcott, Charles Doolittle, 1875a
Description of a new species of trilobite [ Spherocoryphe robustus]
Cincinnati Quarterly Journal of Science, volume 2, pages 273-274. Figures 18a, b.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/27646#page/696/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1875b
  New species of Trilobite [Remopleurides striatulus] from the Trenton limestone at Trenton Falls, New York.   Cincinnati Quart. J. Sci., 2:347-49, fig.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/27646#page/773/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1876a
Notes on Ceraurus pleurexanthemus, Green. [Trilobites]
Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, 11:155-59.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/54528#page/177/mode/1up
   
Walcott, C. D., 1876b
Description of the interior surface of the dorsal shell of Ceraurus pleurexanthemus, Green.
Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, 11:159-62,  plate 11.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/54528#page/184/mode/1up
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/54528#page/481/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles Doolittle, 1879
Preliminary notice of the discovery of the remains of the natatory and branchial appendages of trilobites.  28th Annual Report N. Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist., pages 89-92   
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110622#page/105/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles Doolittle, 1879
Note on the eggs of the Trilobite
31st Regent’s Report N. Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist., pages  66-67
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110212#page/82/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1879
Description of new species of fossils from the Trenton limestone.
28th Ann. Rep. N.Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist., 1879: 93-97.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110622#page/109/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1879
Notes on some sections of trilobites, from the Trenton Limestone.
 31st Ann. Rep. N.Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist., 1879:61-63.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110212#page/74/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1879
Descriptions of new species of fossils from the Chazy and Trenton limestones. 
31st Ann. Rep. N.Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist., 1879:68-71.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110212#page/84/mode/1up
       
Walcott, C. D., 1879
Descriptions of new species of fossils from the Calciferous formation.
32d Ann. Rep. N.Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist., 1879:129-31.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110212#page/233/mode/1up
(Reviewed, Am. J. Sci., 18:152.)   https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/113468#page/163/mode/1up
   
Walcott, C. D., 1880
The Permian and other Paleozoic groups of the Kanab Valley, Arizona.
Am. J. Sci., Series 3, vol. 20:221-25
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/120270#page/232/mode/1up   

Walcott, C. D., 1881
The trilobite: new and old evidence relating to its organization.
Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 8:191-224, pls.1-6.
 https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044107170243
(Reviewed, J.D. Dana, 1881, Am. J. Sci., Series 3, 22:79
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/120106#page/90/mode/1up  )
[Reviewed: Compte rendu  des nouvelles recherches de m. Walcott Relatives a la structure des trilobites suivi de quelques considérations sur l'interprétation des faits ainsi constatés. Par M. H. Milne Edwards.  Annales des Sciences Naturelles Zoologie et Paléontologie, Sixth series, vol. 12, Article No. 2:1-33 pls. 10-12.)  https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/106685#page/301/mode/1up ]
   
Walcott, C. D., 1881
On the nature of Cyathophycus.
 Am. J. Sci., Series 3, 22:394-95.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/120106#page/408/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1882
Notice of the discovery of a Poecilopod in the Utica slate formation.
Am. J. Sci., Series 3, 23:151-52.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/120108#page/160/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1882
Description of a new genus of the Order Euripterida from the Utica slate.
Am. J. Sci., Series 3, 23:213-16, figs. 1, 2.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/120108#page/225/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1883
Fossils of the Utica slate [and metamorphoses of Triarthrus becki.]
Trans. Albany Inst., 1883, 10:18-38, pis. 1, 2. (Titled: Fossils of the Utica slate.)
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/137807#page/28/mode/1up
(Advance Print Reviewed, Am. J. Sci., 18, 1:152.)  https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/113468#page/163/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1883
The Utica slate and related formations of the same geological horizon.
Trans. Albany Inst., 1883, 10:1-17.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/137807#page/11/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D.,  1883
Injury sustained by the Eye of a Trilobite at the time of Moulting of the Shell.
Amer. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol. xxvi, Article XXXIII,  pp. 302 
 (Reproduced, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 1884,Series 5, volume 13:69.)
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/120103#page/311/mode/1up
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/88062#page/83/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D.,  1883
Pre-carboniferous strata in the Grand Cañon of the Colorado, Arizona.
Amer. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol. xxvi, Article XLIX,  pp. 437-442, and p. 484 (Illustration).
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/120103#page/446/mode/1up 

Walcott, C. D., 1883                           
[Investigations in] the Champlain Valley (abstract).
Science, 2:633-34.  https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97481#page/645/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1883
Correlation of Cambrian rocks (abstract).
 Science, 2:801-2. 
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97481#page/815/mode/1up
   
Walcott, C. D., 1883
Fresh-water shells from the Paleozoic rocks of Nevada.
Science, 2:808, figs. l-3a.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97481#page/822/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1884       
Descriptions of new species of fossils from the Trenton group of New York.
35th Ann. Rep. N.Y. State Mus. Nat. Hist., 1884:207-16, pi. 17.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110592#page/215/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1884   
Potsdam fauna at Saratoga, New York.
Science, 3:136-37.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/133115#page/146/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1884
Cambrian system of the United States and Canada.
Bulletin of the Philosophical Society, Washington, vol. vi, pp. 98-102, in  Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection, Volume XXXIII, Washington. 1884.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/94342#page/162/mode/1up   
   
Walcott, Charles Doolittle, 1884
Appendages of the Trilobite. Notes on the original specimen described by Prof. John  Mickleborough (Jour. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. vi, p. 200, 1883). 
Science, vol. iii, pp. 279-281, figs. 3. March. Cambridge, 1884.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/1759114       
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/133115#page/289/mode/1up
[Reviewed by  M. Achille Six, 1884
 Les Appendices des trilobites d'apres M. Ch. D. Walcott par M. Achille Six.
Annales de la Societe Géologique du Nord, Lille, 1883-18 84, Tome XI:228-36
https://archive.org/details/annalesdelasoci30frangoog/page/n251 ]

Walcott, Charles Doolittle, 1884
On the Cambrian faunas of North America preliminary studies
United States Geological Survey, Bulletin No. 10, pages 1-74,  plates i - x
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/38396#/summary
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0010/report.pdf

Walcott, C. D., 1884
Note on Paleozoic Rocks of Central Texas.
Amer. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol. xxvii, Article LII,  pp. 431-433. December. New Haven, 1884.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/120272#page/443/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D. , 1884
Paleontology of the Eureka District.
Monograph VIII, U. S. Geol. Survey, pp. i-xiii, 1-298, pls. I-XXIV, figs. 1-7 in text.
https://archive.org/details/paleontologyofeu00walcrich
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/93382#page/11/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1884   
Report of Mr. Charles D. Walcott. In: Administrative reports of chiefs of divisions. U.S. Geol. Survey 4th Ann. Rept., 1882-1883:44-48.
https://doi.org/10.3133/ar4       https://pubs.usgs.gov/ar/04/report.pdf

Walcott, C. D. , 1885
Paleontologic Notes. [Species found on reviewing material from  St. John Group of New Brunswick in collection at Cornell University]
Amer. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol. xxix, February, pp. 114-117, pl on p. 116. New Haven, 1885. [See C.D.W.’s correction to the drawings at page 117 in Amer. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol. xxx, page 21]
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114326#page/124/mode/1up
       
Walcott, C. D., 1885
Paleozoic Notes; New Genus of Cambrian Trilobites, Mesonacis.
Amer. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol. xxix, Article XLIII, April, pp. 328-330, figs. 2. New Haven, 1885.
 https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/114326#page/340/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1885
Note on some Paleozoic Pteropods.
Amer. Journ. Sci., 3d ser., vol. XXX, July, pp. 17-21, figs. 1-6. New Haven, 1885.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124436#page/35/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1885
Report of Mr. Charles D. Walcott. In: Administrative reports of chiefs of divisions. U.S. Geol. Surv. 5th Ann. Rept., 1883-1884:52-55.
https://doi.org/10.3133/ar5     https://pubs.usgs.gov/ar/05/report.pdf

Walcott, C. D., 1885
Report of Mr. Charles D. Walcott. In: Administrative reports of chiefs of divisions. U.S. Geol. Surv. 6th Ann. Rept, 1884-1885: 74-78.
https://doi.org/10.3133/ar6      https://pubs.usgs.gov/ar/06/report.pdf

Walcott, C. D., 1885
Department of fossil invertebrates (Paleozoic section). In: Report of the Assistant Director of the U.S. National Museum, together with the report of the curators, for the year 1883. Smith. Inst.,
Ann. Rept. For the Year1883:261-63.
https://books.google.ca/books?id=i1gFAAAAQAAJ

Walcott, C. D., 1885
Department of invertebrate fossils, Paleozoic. In: Report upon the condition and progress of the United States National Museum in 1884. Smith. Inst., Ann. Rept., 1884, Pt. 2:203-9.
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?num=203&u=1&seq=11&view=image&size=100&id=uc1.31175009897243
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/121029#page/217/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1886       
Second contribution to the studies on the Cambrian faunas of North America
United States Geological Survey. Bulletin 30 Washington: G.P.O.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/38399#/summary
https://archive.org/stream/secondcontribut00walcgoog#page/n14/mode/2up
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/30/report.pdf

Walcott, Charles D., 1886   
Classification of the Cambrian system of North America
American Journal of Science, Third Series, Volume 32, August, 1886, Article XVI, pages 138-157
https://archive.org/stream/cihm_58399#page/n5/mode/1up
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124169#page/162/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1886
Cambrian Age of the roofing slates of Granville, Washington County, New York.
Proc. American Association for the  Advancement of  Science, volume 35, pages 220-221
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044092861707;view=1up;seq=322

Walcott, Charles D., 1886
Cambrian Fossils from Mount Stephens, Northwest Territory of Canada.
American Journal of Science , third series,  volume 36, pages 161-166
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124084#page/199/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1886   
Report on the Department of Invertebrate fossils (Paleozoic) in the U.S. National Museum, 1885. Smith. Inst., Ann. Rept., for the year 1885, Pt. 2:129-32.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/130578#page/159/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1887
The Taconic System (abstract).
Am. J. Sci., 33:153-54.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/129178#page/175/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1887
Note on the genus Archeocyathus of Billings. [contrasts with Ethmophyllum]
Am. J. Sci., 34:145-46.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124427#page/167/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1887
Fauna of the "Upper Taconic" of Emmons, in Washington County,
New York. Am. J. Sci., 34:187-99, pi. 1.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124427#page/211/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1888
The stratigraphic succession of the Cambrian faunas of North America.
Nature, Vol. 38, p 551.  Abstract of remarks made by CDW on Sept. 1, 1888 before the meeting of the International Geological Congress in London
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/61806#page/589/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1888
Section of Lower Silurian (Ordovician) and Cambrian strata in central New York, as shown by a deep well near Utica (abstract). 
Proc. Am. Assoc Advan. Sci., Held at New York, August, 1887,  36: 211-12.
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?num=211&u=1&seq=7&view=image&size=100&id=hvd.32044092861715

Walcott, C. D., 1888
Discovery of fossils in the Lower Taconic of Emmons (abstract).
Proc. Am. Assoc. Advan. Sci.,36:212-13.
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?view=image;size=100;id=hvd.32044092861715;page=root;seq=316;num=212

Walcott, C. D., 1888
The Taconic System of Emmons, and the use of the name Taconic in geologic nomenclature. Am. J. Sci., 35:229-42, 307-27, 394-401, pi. 3, figs. 1-13.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124438#page/249/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., ,  1888
Synopsis of conclusions of Mr. C. D. Walcott on the "Taconic System of Emmons." (A summary, at the request of the editor, of the memoir in Am. J. Sci.: 35.)
American Geologist, 2:215-19.
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?view=image;size=100;id=mdp.39015033660047;page=root;seq=229;num=215

Walcott, C. D.,  1888           
A simple method of measuring the thickness of inclined strata.
Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1888, 11:447-48, fig.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.11-739.447

Walcott, Charles D., 1889
A fossil Lingula preserving the cast of the peduncle
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 11(746): page 480, 3 figs.
The known examples of the preservation of the cast of any of the fleshy parts of a brachiopod in a fossil state are very few. Two only have...
http://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/13097/1/USNMP-11_746_1889.pdf
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.11-746.480

Walcott, Charles D., 1889
Random, a Pre-Cambrian Upper Algonkian terrane. [In Newfoundland]
Bulletin of the Geological Society of America. 11. 3-5
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/113626#page/25/mode/1up


Walcott, Charles D., 1889
Description of new genera and species of fossils from the Middle Cambrian.
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 11(738): 441-446, 1 fig.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.11-738.441

Walcott, Charles D., 1889   
Descriptive notes of new genera and species from the Lower Cambrian or Olenellus zone of North America
Smithsonian institute, Proceedings of the National Museum, Volume XII, pp 33-46
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/38355#/summary

Walcott, Charles D., 1889   
Stratigraphic position of the Olenellus fauna in  North America and Europe
American  Journal of  Science, Third Series, Volume 37, Article XI, 374-92, Volume 38: 29-42;
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124428#page/437/mode/1up
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124429#page/47/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D.,   1889
Report of Mr. C. D. Walcott. In: Administrative reports of chiefs of divisions.
U.S. Geol. Surv. 8th Ann. Rept., 1886-1887, Pt. 1:174-78.
https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ar8

Walcott, C. D.,   1889   
Report of Mr. C. D. Walcott. In: Administrative reports of chiefs of divisions.
U.S. Geol. Surv. 9th Ann. Rept, 1887-1888:115-20.
https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ar9

Walcott, C. D.,   1889
Report on the Department of Invertebrate Fossils (Paleozoic) in the U.S. National Museum for the year ending June 30, 1886. Smith. Inst., Ann. Rept., 1886, Pt. 2:215-27.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/121449#page/259/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D.,  1889
Report on the Department of Invertebrate Fossils (Paleozoic) in the U.S. National Museum, 1887. Smith. Inst., Ann. Rept., 1887, Pt. 2:139-41.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/121464#page/163/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D.,  1889
Description of a new genus and species of inarticulate brachiopod from the Trenton limestone. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1889, 12:365-66, figs. 1-4.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.12-775.365

Walcott, Charles D. , 1890
The fauna of the Lower Cambrian or Olenellus zone.
United States Geological Survey 10th Ann. Report, part 1, pages 509-774; plates 63-98
https://pubs.usgs.gov/ar/10-1/report.pdf

Walcott, Charles D. , 1890
Description of new forms of Upper Cambrian fossils
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 13(820): 267-279, 2 pls..
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.13-820.267
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/13181

Walcott, C. D.,  1890
A review of Dr. R. W. Ells's second report on the geology of a portion of the Province of Quebec; with additional notes on the "Quebec Group."
Am. J. Sci., 39:101-15.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124784#page/123/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D.,  1890
Review of Report of State Geologist, of New York, for the year 1888; Forty-second Annual Report of the New York State Museum of Natural History, 1889. [including  Professor Clarke’s report on "The Hercynian Question." ]                   
 Am. J. Sci., 39:155-56.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124784#page/177/mode/1up

C. Walcott, C. D.,. 1890
Study of a line of displacement in the Grand Cañon of the Colorado, in northern Arizona.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 1:49-64, figs. 1-12.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/26243#page/69/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D.,  1890
The value of the term "Hudson River Group" in geologic nomenclature.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 1:335-55, fig. 1.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/26243#page/385/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D.,  1890
Discussion of paper by Ezra Brainard and Henry M. Seely entitled The Calciferous formation in the Champlain Valley.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 1:512-13.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/26243#page/596/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D.,  1890
Discussion of paper by H. S. Williams on the Cuboides zone and its fauna: Correlating a horizon between Europe and the State of New York.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 1:499.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/26243#page/577/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D.,  1890
Report of Mr. Charles D. Walcott. In: Administrative reports of chiefs of divisions. U.S. Geol. Surv. 10th Ann. Rept, 1888- 1889, Pt. 1:160-62.
https://doi.org/10.3133/ar10_1

Walcott, Charles D., 1891
Correlation papers Cambrian
U.S. Geological Survey, Bulletin 81, pages 1-447.
https://archive.org/stream/correlationpaper00walc#page/344/mode/1up/search/pty
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/52388#/summary
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0081/report.pdf

Walcott, Charles D., 1891
The North American Continent during Cambrian time.
U.S. Geol Survey, 12th Annual Report, Part 1, pages 532-68; plates 42-45
https://pubs.usgs.gov/ar/12/report.pdf

Walcott, C. D.,  1891
On the relations and nomenclature of formations between the Archaean and Cambrian, and the use of the term Taconic.  Congrès Géologique International, Compte Rendu,  4e sess., Londres, 1888. London: Annex A, Reports of American Committee, page A69.
https://archive.org/details/compterendudela00londgoog/page/n593

Walcott, C. D.,  1891
La succession stratigraphique des faunes cambriennes dans l'Amerique du Nord.
Congrès Géologique International, Compte Rendu, 4e session,  223-25.
https://archive.org/details/compterendudela00londgoog/page/n251
( The stratigraphical succession of the Cambrian faunas in North America.  Abstract of Remarks made by C. D. Walcott,  Nature, 38:551.)
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/61806#page/589/mode/1up
                    
Walcott, C. D., 1891
Discussion of paper by C. Willard Hayes entitled The Overthrust Faults of the Southern Appalachians.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 2:153.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109616#page/187/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1891
Discussion of paper by H. R. Geiger and Arthur Keith on the Structure of the Blue Ridge near Harper's Ferry.
Bull. Geol. Soc.  Am., 2:163-64.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109616#page/201/mode/1up   

Walcott, C. D., 1891
Discussion of paper by Henry M. Ami entitled ‘On the geology of Quebec and Environs.’
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 2:501-2.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109616#page/573/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1891
Discussion of paper by Robert T. Hill on the Comanche series of the Texas-Arkansas region. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 2:526-27.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109616#page/598/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1891
Discussion of paper by George M. Dawson on the geological structure of the Selkirk Range. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 2:611.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109616#page/691/mode/1up

Walcott, C. D., 1891
Report of C. D. Walcott. In: Administrative reports of chiefs of divisions. U.S. Geol. Surv. 11th Ann. Rept., 1889-1890, Pt. 1:102-6. 
https://doi.org/10.3133/ar11_1
   
Walcott, C. D., 1891
Report of C. D. Walcott. In: Administrative reports of chiefs of divisions. U.S. Geol. Surv. 12th Ann. Rept., 1889-1890, Pt. 1: 106-11.
https://doi.org/10.3133/ar12

Walcott, Charles D., 1892
Notes on the Cambrian rocks of Virginia and the southern Appalachians.
Am. J. Science, Third Series, Volume 44, pages 52-57
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124364#page/70/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1892
On the Cambrian rocks of Pennsylvania and Maryland, from the Susquehanna to the Potomac.
Am J. Science, third series, volume 44, Article LXIV,  pages 469-482
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124364#page/507/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1892
Sytematic list of fossils of each geological formation in the Eureka district, Nevada.
U.S. Geol. Survey Monograph 20, Appendix A: 317-33
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/93800#page/353/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1892
Preliminary notes on the discovery of a vertebrate fauna in Silurian (Ordovidan) strata.
Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 3:153–172, pls. 3–5, fig. 1
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/26244#page/185/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1892
Note on Lower Cambrian fossils from Cohassett, Massachusetts.
Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 7:155
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/19934#page/178/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1893
Correlation of  the Cambrian of North America.
Congr. Geol Internation., Compt. Rend., 5 sess, Washington, 168-70
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101076808219;view=1up;seq=184

Walcott, Charles D., 1893
Silurian Vertebrate Life at Canyon City, 427-428, in Annex B, Geological Guide Book of the Rocky Mountain Excursion, Edited by Samual Frankline Emmons, 273-487, in
Congrès Géologique  International, Compte Rendu, 5 session, Washington, 1891, 529 pages
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101076808219;view=1up;seq=463

Walcott, Charles D., 1893
Niagara Falls to New York City, Itinerary, 459-463, in Annex B, Geological Guide Book of the Rocky Mountain Excursion, Edited by Samual Frankline Emmons, 273-487 in
Congrès Géologique  International, Compte Rendu, 5 session, Washington, 1891, 529 pages
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101076808219;view=1up;seq=501   

Walcott, Charles D. , 1894
Notes of the Cambrian rocks of Pennsylvania, from the Susquehanna to the Delaware.
Am J. Sc., third series, Vol. 47, 37-41
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124374#page/53/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1894
Paleozoic intraformational conglomerates.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 5, 191-198, plates 6,7
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/111636#page/225/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1894
Note on Some Appendages of the Trilobites
Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Volume 9, Pages 89--97
www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/211484

Walcott, Charles D., 1894
Discovery of the genus Oldhamia in America
Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, Vol. XVII- No. 1002. 313- 314
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.17-1002.313

Walcott, C.D., 1894
The Natural Bridge of Virginia.
National Geographic Magazine, volume  5 1893:59–62, pl. 21   
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/96703#page/187/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1894
 The geologist at Blue Mountains, Maryland.
National Geographic Magazine, volume 5 1893:84–88
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/96703#page/212/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1894
On the occurrence of Olenellus in the Green Pond Mountain series of northern New Jersey, with a note on the conglomerates.
American Journal of Science, 47:309–311
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124374#page/337/mode/1up
  
Walcott, C.D., 1894
 Pre-Cambrian igneous rocks of the Unkar Terrane, Grand Canyon of the Colorado, Arizona; with notes on the petrographic character of the lavas by J. P. Iddings.
U. S. Geological Survey 14th Annual Report, Pt. 2:497–519, pls. 60–65, figs. 52–53
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015030329232

Walcott, C.D., 1895
 “The United States Geological Survey,”
 Popular Science Monthly, 46 (February 1895), 479-498
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/18293#page/495/mode/1up
  
Walcott, Charles D., 1895
Comments, in Organic Markings in Lake Superior Iron-ores.
Transactions of the  American Institute of Mining Engineers, 26:532-33.
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044102926995;view=1up;seq=596   

Walcott, Charles D., 1895
Lower Cambrian rocks in Eastern California
Am J. Sci, Third Series, Volume 49, 141-44
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124163#page/163/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1895  
The Appalachian type of folding in the White Mountain Range of Inyo County, California.
American Journal of Science, 49:169–174, figs. A–F
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124163#page/195/mode/1up   
   
Walcott, C.D., 1895
The United States Geological Survey and its methods of work.
Proceedings of the Engineers' Club of Philadelphia, 12:44–61, pls. 1–3
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxhid6
   
Walcott, C.D., 1895
Algonkian rocks of the Grand Canyon of the Colorado.
 Journal of Geology, series 4, 3:312–330, pl. 6, fig. 1
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/96071#page/334/mode/1up
  
 Walcott, Charles D., 1896
Fossil jelly fishes from the Middle Cambrian terrane.
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 18(1086): 611-614, 2 pls.
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.18-1086.611

Walcott, Charles D., 1896
The Cambrian Rocks of Pennsylvania
Bulletin of the U.S. Geological Survey,  No. 134,   137 pages
https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0134/report.pdf

Walcott, Charles D., 1897
 Cambrian Brachiopoda: Genera Iphidea and Yorkia, with descriptions of new species of each, and of the genus Acrothele  
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 19(1120): 707-718, 2 pls   
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.19-1120.707

Walcott, C.D., 1897
Note on the genus Lingulepsis.
American Journal of Science, series 4, 3:404–405
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124754#page/440/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1897
 The post-Pleistocene elevation of the Inyo Range, and the lake beds of Waucobi embayment, Inyo County, California.
Journal of Geology, 5:340–348, figs. 1–5
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/96077#page/354/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1898
 The United States forest reserves.
Popular Science Monthly, 52:456-468
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/18055#page/474/mode/1up
[See also: Sketch of Charles D. Walcott at pages 547-553.]

Walcott, C.D., 1898
Notes on the brachiopod fauna of the quartzitic pebbles of the Carboniferous conglomerates of the Narragansett Basin, Rhode Island.
American Journal of Science, series 4, 6:327–328
 https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124686#page/357/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1898.
Cambrian Brachiopoda: Obolus and Lingulella, with descriptions of new species
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 21(1152): 385-420, 3 pls..
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.21-1152.385

Walcott, Charles D., 1898.
Fossil Medusæ.
Monographs of the U.S. Geological Survey, Volume  XXX, Washington,Govt. print. office,. 201 pages
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2127#/summary
https://pubs.usgs.gov/mono/0030/report.pdf

Walcott, Charles D., 1899
Pre-Cambrian fossiliferous formations.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., volume 10, 199-214, plates 22-28, figures 1-7
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/108236#page/271/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1899
Avalone terrane [Newfoundland, in Pre-cambrian Fossiliferous Formations]
Bulletin of the Geological Society of America. Volume 10. Pages  218-220, 230-232, in 199-244
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/108236#page/290/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1899
Cambrian fossils; Section I, in Chapter 12, Paleozoic Fossils, in  Geology of the Yellowstone National Park, Part II– Descriptive Geology, Petrography, and Paleontology.
U.S. Geological  Survey  Monograph, 32, Pt. 2:440-78, pls. 60-65.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/107367#page/612/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1899
The United States National Museum.
Popular Science Monthly, 55:491–501
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/30161#page/509/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D.,  1900
 Correspondence relating to collections of vertebrate fossils made by the late Professor O. C. Marsh.
Science, series 2, 11:21–24
 https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/98729#page/37/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D.,  1900 
Washington as an explorer and surveyor.
Popular Science Monthly, 57:323–324
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/30170#page/333/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D.,  1900
The Cambrian formation in the Atlantic province (abstract of talk given at The Twelfth Annual Meeting of the Geological Societv of America).
Science, series 2,11:104
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/98729#page/120/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1900
Lower Cambrian Terrane in the Atlantic Province
Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences. vol. 1, p. 301-339.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/35744#page/365/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1901
Cambrian Brachiopoda; Obolella subgenus Glyptias; Bicia; Obolus, subgenus Westonia; with description of new species;
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 23(1229): 669-695
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.1229.669

Walcott, Charles D., 1901
Sur les formations Pré-Cambriennes fossilifères.
Intern. Cong. Geol., Compte Rendu, viii session, pp. 299-312
https://archive.org/stream/comptesrendus01unkngoog#page/n314/mode/1up
[The Eighth International Geological Congress at Paris.]

Walcott, C.D.,  1901
 Relations of the National Government to higher education and research.
Science, series 2, 13:1001–1015
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97656#page/1021/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D.,  1901
The work of the United States Geological Survey in relation to the mineral resources of the United States.
Transactions of the American Institute of Mining Engineers, 30:3–26
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?num=3&u=1&seq=19&view=image&size=100&id=wu.89034102640

Walcott, C.D.,  1901
The geographic work of the U.S. Geological Survey.
Verhandlungen des siebenten Internationalen Geographen-Kongresses in Berlin, 1899, 2:707–713      https://archive.org/details/verhandlungende19unkngoog/page/n761

Walcott, Charles D,, 1902
Cambrian Brachiopoda: Acrotreta; Linnarssonella; Obolus; with Descriptions of New Species
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum.
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, volume 35, pages 577- [3941]
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.1299.577
https://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/13643

Walcott, Charles D. , 1902
Outlook of the geologist in America.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 13:99- 118.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/113592#page/151/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1903
New term for the Upper Cambrian series.
J. Geol., 11:318-19.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/100257#page/350/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1905
 Cambrian Brachiopoda with descriptions of new genera and species
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 28(1395): 227-337
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.1395.227

Walcott, Charles D., 1905
Cambrian Fossils of India
Proceedings of  the Washington Academy of  Sciences, volume 7:251-56.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/35748#page/295/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1905
Cambrian Fossils of China
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, Volume 29, pages 1-106
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.1415

Walcott, Charles D., 1906
Cambrian Fossils of China (Preliminary Paper No. 2)
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 30(1458): 563-595
http://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/13885/1/USNMP-30_1458_1906.pdf
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/13885
doi     10.5479/si.00963801.1458.563

Walcott, Charles D., 1906
Algonkian formations of northwestern Montana.
 Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 17:1-28, pls. 1-11.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/123542#page/31/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1908
Mount Stephen rocks and fossils.
Canadian Alpine Journal, 1: 232-48, pls. 14.
https://archive.org/stream/canadianalpinejo01alpiuoft#page/232/mode/2up

Walcott, Charles D., 1909
Evolution of early Paleozoic faunas in relation to their environment.
J. Geol., 17:193-202; and Chapter III in Outlines of geologic history, with especial reference to North America; a series of essays involving a discussion of geologic correlation presented before section E of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Baltimore, December, 1908; Salisbury, Rollin D., editor, 306 pages, The University of Chicago Press.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/96109#page/217/mode/1up
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53671#page/40/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1910
Cambrian Geology and Paleontology  I,
Smithsonian miscellaneous collection , Volume 53 .
Smithsonian Publication No. 1949.
https://archive.org/details/smithsonianmisce531910smit       
No. 1 Nomenclature of some Cambrian Cordilleran Formations, Pages 1-12 , published in 1908
No. 2  Cambrian Trilobites  Pages 13-52, plates 1-6, published in 1908
No. 3  Cambrian Brachipoda: Descriptions of New Genera and Species, Pages 53-137, plates 7-10, published in 1908
No. 4.  Classification and terminology of the Cambrian Brachiopoda. Pages 139-165
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/46045#/summary
No. 5  Cambrian Sections of the Cordilleran Area, Pages 167-230, plates 13-22, published in 1908
No. 6  Olenellus and other genera of the Mesonacidae, pp 231-422, 22 pls, 6 figs.
No. 7  Pre-Cambrian rocks of the Bow River Valley, Alberta, Canada, pp. 423-431, 3 pls.
Index pages 433-497
https://archive.org/stream/cambriangeology01walcgoog#page/n15/mode/2up

Walcott, Charles D., 1911.
A geologist's paradise.
National Geographic  Magazine., 22:509-21.
https://archive.org/stream/nationalgeograp221911nati#page/n546/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1912.
Cambrian Brachiopoda.
 Monographs of the United States Geological Survey ; v. 51,872 pages
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/45577#/summary

Walcott, Charles D., 1912
[Abstract]  Illustrations of Remarkable Cambrian Fossils from British Columbia (Illustrated) :
Read April 19, 1912 in [a report of the annual general meeting of] The American Philosophical Society [at Philadelphia, April 18 to 21, 1912] .  Science, 35, No. 907, page 789 in 785-94 ;]
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97391#page/849/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D.,  1912
Notes on fossils from limestone of Steeprock Lake, Ontario.
In, Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 28: 16-22, pls. 1-2.
https://doi.org/10.4095/100502

Walcott, C.D.,  1912
Cambrian of the Kicking Horse Valley, British Columbia.
Summary Report of the Geological Survey Branch of the Department of Mines, 1911, Sessional Paper No. 26, Ottawa: 188–191
https://doi.org/10.4095/100716

Walcott, C.D.,  1913
 Cambrian fossils from British Columbia [abstract of talk given annual general meeting of the American Philosophical Society held in Philadelphia, April 17 to 19].
Science, series 2, 37:724–725
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97357#page/778/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1913
Studies in Cambrian geology and paleontology in the Canadian Rockies. In: Expeditions organized or participated in by the Smithsonian Institution in 1910 and 1911.
Smith. Misc. Coll., 59:39-45, figs. 44-48.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/35637#page/325/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D.,  1913
Geological exploration in the Canadian Rockies. In: Explorations and field-work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1912.
Smith. Misc. Coll., 60:24-31, figs. 22-23.   
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/35814#page/530/mode/1up       

Walcott, C.D.,  1913
The monarch of the Canadian Rockies; the Robson Peak District of British Columbia and Alberta.  National Geographic Magazine, 24: 626-39
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/98433#page/660/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1913
[Statements regarding the fauna occurring in the Conglomerate in the vicinity of Bic, Quebec] In: Bic, by G. A. Young. In Excursion A1, Excursion in Eastern Quebec and the Maritime Provinces. Guide Book No. 1, Part 1, Issued by the Geological Survey of Canada, pages 69-71 of 207 pages, accompanying International Geological Congress, 12th session, Canada, 1913.
https://archive.org/details/pt01guidebooksofexcu01canauoft/page/69

Walcott, Charles D., 1913
The Cambrian faunas of China. In: Research in China, Volume 3.
Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 54:1-375, pls. 1-29, figs. 1-9.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/17462#page/6/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1914.
Cambrian geology and paleontology, II.
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Volume 57
 Smithsonian publication 2136
https://archive.org/stream/smithsonianmisce571914smit#page/n8/mode/1up
No. 1.  Abrupt Appearance of the Cambrian Fauna on the North American Continent, with One Map, pp. 1-16, 1 pl. (map), 1 fig.
No. 2  Middle Cambrian Merostomata , pp. 17-40,  pls 2-7
No. 3  Middle Cambrian Holothurians and Medusae, pp. 41 -68,   pls  8-13
No. 4  Cambrian faunas of China , pp. 69-108, 4 pls
No. 5. Middle Cambrian Annelids   pp. 110-144
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Cambrian_Geology_and_Paleontology/Volume_2/Middle_Cambrian_Annelids
No. 6  Middle Cambrian Brachiopoda , Malacostraca, Trilobita, and Merostomata, with Plates 24 to 34, pp. 145-228, 11 pls
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 57(6) : 145-245.
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23430
No. 7  Cambrian-Ordovician boundary in British Columbia with description of Fossils, pp 229-237, 1 pl.
No. 8  The Sardinian Cambrian genus Olenopsis in America, pp. 239-249, 1 pl.
No. 9  New York Potsdam-Hoyt fauna. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 57 (9) :251-304
No. 10  Group terms for the lower and upper Cambrian series of formations
No. 11  New Lower Cambrian Subfauna, pp 309-326, pls 50-54
No. 12  Cambrian formations of the robson peak district, British Columbia and Alberta, Canada
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 57(12) : 327-343.
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23436
No. 13   Dikelocephalus and other genera of the dikelocephalinae
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 57(13) : 345-435
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23437


Walcott, Charles D., 1915
The Cambrian and its problems in the Cordilleran region. In: Problems of American Geology: A Series of Lectures Dealing with Some of the Canadian Shield and of the Cordilleras. New Haven, Yale University Press: 162-233, figs. 1-8.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/138470#page/206/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1915
Evidences of primitive life.
Smithsonian Inst., Annual Report, 1915:235-55, pls. 1-18.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/53518#page/277/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D.,  1915
Pre-Paleozoic algal deposits (abstract of talk at Botanical Society of Washington held
April 6, 1915)
Science, second series, 41:  879
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97582#page/895/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D.,  1915
Discovery of Algonkian Bacteria
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1:256-257
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/179614#page/292/mode/1up
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?q1=walcott;id=mdp.39015032133426;view=image;start=1;sz=10;page=root;size=100;seq=276;num=258

Walcott, C.D.,  1916
Cambrian trilobites.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2:101
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015035440562

Walcott, Charles D., 1916
Cambrian Geology and Paleontology III
Smithsonian miscellaneous collection vol.  64,
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections [1142]
https://archive.org/stream/cambriangeology02walcgoog#page/n7/mode/2up
1. The Cambrian Faunas of Eastern Asia   pages 1-
2.  Precambrian Algonkian Algal Flora    77-156
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 64(2) : 77-156
    http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23529
3. Cambrian Trilobites   157-258, plates 24-38
4.  Relations between the Cambrian and the Pre-Cambrian Formation in the vicinity of Helena, Montana   259-301, plates 39-44
5. Cambrian Trilobites, part 2  303 -456, plates 45-67
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23532

Walcott, Charles D., 1916
Is "Atikokania lawsoni" a concretion? [Reply to]
Nature, 94:478.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/63370#page/519/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D.,  1917
Geological explorations in the Rocky Mountains. In: Explorations and field-work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1915.
Smith. Misc. Coll., 66:1-27, figs. 1-40.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/94426#page/61/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1919
Cambrian Geology and Paleontology IV
Smithsonian miscellaneous collection vol 67
1.     Nomenclature of some cambrian cordilleran formations           
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 67(1) : 1-8.
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23563
2.  The albertella fauna in British Columbia and Montana
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 67(2) : 9-59, plates 1 to 7
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23564
3. Fauna of the mount whyte formation
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 67(3) : 61-112.
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23565    
4.  Appendages of trilobites   
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 67(4) : 115-216.
https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/23566/SMC_67_Walcott_1917_4_115-216.pdf
5. Middle Cambrian Algae, pages 218-260  (With Plates 43 to 59)
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections [2542]
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23438
6.  Middle cambrian spongiae
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 67(6) : 261-364.
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23439
7.  Notes on the structure of neolenus
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 67(7) : 365-456
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23440    
8.  Nomenclature of some post cambrian and cambrian cordilleran formations
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 67(8) : 457-476.
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23441
9.  Cambrian and ozarkian brachiopoda, ozarkian cephalopoda and notostraca 
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 67(9) : 477-554
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/2344
                  
Walcott, C.D., 1921
Geological explorations in the Canadian Rockies. In: Explorations  and field-work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1918.
Smith. Misc. Coll., 70:3-20, figs. 1-21.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/94427#page/31/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1922
Geological explorations in the Canadian Rockies: field season of 1919. In: Explorations and field-work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1919.
Smith. Misc. Coll., 72, No. 1:1-16, figs. 1-16.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/95069#page/19/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1922
Geological explorations in the Canadian Rockies. In: Explorations  and field-work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1920.
Smith. Misc. Coll., 72, No. 6:1-10, figs. 1-12.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/95069#page/165/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D., 1923
Geological explorations in the Canadian Rockies. In: Explorations and field-work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1922.
Smith. Misc. Coll., 74:1-24, figs. 1-29.
https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/23624/SMC_74_Field-Work-Survey_1922_5_1-153.pdf

Walcott, Charles D., 1924
Cambrian Geology and Paleontology V,
 No. 1 Geological formations of beaverfoot-brisco-stanford range, British Columbia, Canada
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 75(1) : 1-51 (Pub. 2756 ),
https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/23629/SMC_75_Walcott_1923_1_1-51.pdf
No. 2  Cambrian and Lower Ozarkian trilobites. 1924. (Pub. 2788), pages 53-60   
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 75(2) : 53-60
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23630
https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/23630/SMC_75_Walcott_1923_2_53-60.pdf
No. 3   Cambrian and ozarkian trilobites
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 75(3): 61-146
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23631
No. 4  Pre-devonian sedimentation in southern Canadian rocky mountains
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 75(4) : 147-173.
https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/23632/SMC_75_Walcott_1923_4_147-173.pdf
No. 5  Pre-devonian paleozoic formations of the cordilleran provinces of Canada
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 75(5) : 174-377.
https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/23633/SMC_75_Walcott_1923_5_174-377.pdf

Walcott, C.D., 1925
Geological explorations in the Canadian Rockies. In: Explorations and field-work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1922.
Smith. Misc. Coll., 74:1-24, figs. 1-29   
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/86115#page/459/mode/1up

Walcott, C.D., 1925
Geological explorations in the Canadian Rockies. In: Explorations and field-work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1923.
Smith. Misc. Coll., 76:1-8, figs. 1-11.
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/79630#page/465/mode/1up

Walcott, Charles D.;  Resser, Charles Elmer (1931)
 Addenda to descriptions of Burgess shale fossils (with 23 plates)
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, volume 85(No. 3): 1-46
http://hdl.handle.net/10088/23843
https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/23843/SMC_85_Walcott_1931_3_1-46.pdf

Protichnites, etc. on display at the Canadian Museum of Nature’s Collection and Research Facility

On October 14th I attended the open house at the Collections and Research Facility of the Canadian Museum of Nature.   I’m not sure what to consider as the highlight of the visit as there were many interesting things to see.   I enjoyed holding samples of tektite and dinosaur coprolite, and found the explanations on lichen and how exhibits are prepared fascinating.   The laboratory where they were preparing dinosaur fossils was also well worth the visit as were the trays of insects.

Michelle Coyne of the Geological Survey of Canada had on display two of Sir William Logan’s specimens showing Protichnites trackways.   Below are photographs taken on October 14th of the specimens.   The first photo shows a specimen with three trackways including the Protichnites septemnotatus trackway figured and described by Owen (1852).

 The next photo shows two trackways figured and described by Owen (1852): the upper trackway is Protichnites alternans while the lower trackway is Protichnites lineatus.

 The next photo is a closer view of the Protichnites alternans trackway.

The two specimens answer a question that I had concerning the inclusion of Owen’s numbering for the type specimens on Logan’s plates that accompanied Logan’s paper of 1852.   I had wondered whether Owen’s numbering represented the exact location for the specimens pictured in Owen’s plates showing the type specimens, or whether the numbering merely identified the trackway from which Owen had selected a specimen.   It is clear from the holotype specimens that Owen’s numbering on Logan’s plates correspond to the exact location for the specimens pictured in Owen’s plates which formed part of Owen’s paper from 1852.

Christopher P. Brett
Ottawa              

Logan, W.E., 1852
On the Foot-prints occurring in the Potsdam Sandstone of Canada.
Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, volume 8, p. 199-213, Plates VI to VIII,
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109911#page/311/mode/1up

Owen, R., 1852
Description of the Impressions and Foot-prints of the Protichnites from the Potsdam Sandstone of  Canada.    Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, volume 8,  p. 214-225, Plates IX to XIV.A,
https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/109911#page/338/mode/1up

Things To Do on October 14th

Next Saturday will provide an opportunity for those in the Ottawa area to visit localities of geological interest throughout Ottawa and Gatineau and to visit the collections and research facility of the Canadian Museum of Nature.   

8th Annual Geoheritage Day in the Nation's Capital

On Saturday, October 14, 2017, from  10 am to 3 pm, volunteers from the Department of Earth Sciences at Carleton University and the Ottawa-Gatineau Geoheritage Project will be on hand at six locations to explain interesting features of the local geology.   The locations for this year are:

Champlain Bridge Stromatolites, Gatineau, Quebec
Champlain Lookout, Gatineau Park, Quebec
Hogs Back Falls, Prince of Wales Park, Ottawa
Cardinal Creek Karst, Orleans, Ontario
Pinhey Sand Dunes, Nepean, Ontario
Carleton University Earth Sciences Sample Preparation Laboratory

Map for 2017
https://earthsci.carleton.ca/sites/default/files/geoheritage-day-2017.pdf

Printable Site Information
https://earthsci.carleton.ca/sites/default/files/Site%20Information%20for%20Explore%20Geoheritage%20Day%202017.pdf
               
Brochure for 2017
https://earthsci.carleton.ca/sites/default/files/geoheritage-day-2017.pdf

Visit the Collections and Research Facility of the Canadian Museum of Nature

   
I expect that most people living in Eastern Ontario will have visited the Canadian Museum of Nature in downtown Ottawa.  What few people know is that the Canadian Museum of Nature operates a world class collections and research facility across the Ottawa River in Gatineau, Quebec. This research facility houses about 14.6 million specimens and artifacts, but for most of the year is closed to the public.  It is open to the public once a year for self-guided tour of the facility, and this year it is open on Saturday, October 14th from 10 am to 4 pm.

This is a chance to see minerals, meteorites and dinosaur bones; to learn how dinosaur fossils are prepared for study and display; to visit the Herbarium; to see specimens of parasites, crustaceans, mussels, clams, and insects; to visit the DNA lab, Heavy Wet lab and Conservation Lab; and to see special displays from the Bank of Canada Museum and the Geological Survey of Canada.

Details:
- Saturday, October 14, 2017
- 10 am to 4 pm
- free admission
- Canadian Museum of Nature - Natural Heritage Campus
   1740 Pink Road, Gatineau, Quebec
- Parking: Free on site and in the neighbourhood

Further details are available at:
http://nature.ca/en/plan-your-visit/what-see-do/whats/open-house

Below are photographs that I took while at the collections and research facility to look at Sir William Logan’s specimens of Protichnites trackways from Beauharnois with Dr. Robert MacNaughton, Michelle Coyne, Kieran Shepherd and Margaret Currie.

The second last photo shows Logan’s original specimen of Protichnities octo-notatus with a printout of Owen’s plate on top of the specimen.   The last photo shows two parts of the twelve foot specimen of Protichnites from Beauharnois which Sir William Logan took to London in 1852. 

 

Logan’s Worm Tracks: Gyrichnites gaspensis

The following specimen, which shows incredible burrowing, is also interesting.

Margaret Currie brought it down with a fork lift, noted that it lacked documentation and wondered if we had any information.  Dr. MacNaughton (from a drawing in Harrington’s biography of Logan) and Michelle Coyne were able to identify it as a specimen of annelid tracks Sir William Logan had collected in the Gaspé, a GSC type specimen that had been missing for a number of years.  Michelle Coyne was able to provide a reference to a paper by Whiteaves (1882) describing Logan’s specimens and naming the fossil Gyrichnites gaspensis.

Christopher Brett
Ottawa

Suggested Readings

Harrington, Bernard J., 1883
Life of Sir William E. Logan
John Wiley & Sons, New York, 432 pages
(The plate entitled ‘Supposed Worm-tracks from Gaspé Sandstone' is at page 161)
https://archive.org/details/lifeofsirwilliam00harr
https://archive.org/stream/lifeofsirwilliam00harr#page/161/mode/2up

J.F. Whiteaves, 1882
On Some Supposed Annelid-Tracks from the Gaspé Sandstones,
Transactions of the Royal Society Canada,  Section IV, pages 109-111, Pl.XI,
https://archive.org/stream/proceedingstrans11roya#page/108/mode/2up

A Field Trip to the Ellisville Potsdam Sandstone Quarry

Last Sunday I visited the sandstone quarry at Ellisville, Ontario as part of an annual field trip organized by the Niagara Peninsula Geological Society.  It was sunny with a cool breeze – a perfect day to visit a quarry.

While only a few attended, something of interest was found by everyone.

Miniature Chevron Shaped Sand Dunes

Below is a photograph  of a texture in the sandstone that I’d never seen before, namely miniature chevron shaped sand dunes.

The simplest explanation is that the dunes are wind-generated dunes, with the arms pointing downwind, similar to Barchan dunes that one would see (on a much larger scale) in a desert.  However, I’ve noted references to the formation of chevron shaped dunes in experiments conducted in a water tank, so the chevron shaped dunes in the photograph could be water generated.

The Climactichnites burrowing trace: Climactichnites youngi.

Below are photographs of burrowing in sandstone. At least fifteen separated burrows are visible on the surface of the specimen.   I noted the specimen while walking with Peter Lee of Gananoque and Paul Musiol of Kingston.  I believe that the specimen shows the Climactichnites burrowing trace: Climactichnites youngi.   While not that obvious from the photographs, the burrows appear at a number of different levels in the specimen.

Subsequently Peter Lee found another specimen showing similar burrowing.

The Niagara Peninsula Geological Society may be scheduling another field trip to the quarry this October in conjunction with a trip to the Wollastonite mine along Highway 15 and the Frontenac Lead Mine.   Check their web site  http://www.ccfms.ca/clubs/NPGS/    and Facebook page
https://www.facebook.com/groups/1392693367698780/   for updates.

At the end of this email I’ve provided the dates and titles of my earlier blog postings where I  provided photographs of trace fossils and textures in the sandstone that were found at the Ellisville Quarry.
   
Christopher Brett
Ottawa, Ontario


+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Monday, 31 October 2016
The Ellisville Potsdam Sandstone Quarry Revisited

Thursday, 16 July 2015
Burrows or Not Burrows - Part 2

Tuesday, 18 August 2015
If there's something strange in your neighborhood, who you gonna call?

Monday, 12 August 2013
The Trace Fossil Diplichnites – A New Occurrence in Eastern Ontario

Tuesday, 9 July 2013
A New Occurrence of Protichnites in Potsdam Group Sandstone near Kingston, Ontario

Thursday, 20 June 2013
A Few Trace Fossils in Potsdam Group Sandstones of Eastern Ontario

Abraham, Logan and Owen: The Discovery of the First Protichnites trackways – Part 2

[Part 1 of this article was posted August 29, 2013.]

In 1851 Logan took to London a small slab of sandstone and a plaster cast of a 12 ½ foot slab from a quarry on the left bank of the river St. Louis, at the village of Beauharnois and on April 30, 1851 both he and Professor Owen  read papers before the Geological Society of London.

In 1852 Logan took to London three slabs and 100 casts (in total, about 350 feet of track). One of the slabs, 12 ½ feet in length, was the original of the cast he had taken in 1851.  

In a paper read March 24, 1852 before the Geological Society of London, Logan described the geology of the area and the finding of five new localities of foot-prints.   Two localities were in the vicinity of Beauharnois: the first, in the field of Mr. Henault, a half mile west of the quarry in which the first impressions were discovered; the second, two and a half miles further west at the mouth of the Beauharnois Canal.   The other three new locations were in the vicinity of Point Cavagnol (about 15 miles west of the first locality – the quarry in the village of Beauharnois); on the  Island of St. Généviève in the St. Lawrence River, south of Montreal Island (about 7 miles north of the village of Beauharnois); and on the Riviere du Nord, at Lachute,  in the Seignory of Argenteuil (about 35 miles north east of the first locality).
               
In a paper also read March 24, 1852 before the Geological Society of London, Professor Owen (1852) described and named six tracks, stating that he had selected from the casts and slabs that Logan had brought to London “the best marked and most intelligible portions for [his] descriptions.”    Logan (1863) noted that in view of the “various differences in the tracks, Professor Owen has given separate specific provisional names to several of them, not for the purpose of indicating a positive specific difference in the animals which have impressed them, but for the convenience of reference.”  Professor Owen distinguished between two different genera and four different species.

The six tracks that were named by Professor Owen and which in his paper were accompanied by plates showing the tracks, follow:

1.  Protichnites septem-notatus    Plate IX
2.  Protichnites  octo-notatus      Plate X
3.  Protichnites  latus      Plate XI
4.  Protichnites  multinotatus   Plate XII
5.  Protichnites  lineatus     Plate XIII                   
6.  Protichnites  alternans     Plate XIV

Copies of those six plates form part of my March 7, 2014 blog posting.  They are shown together below.

Five of those named tracks came from Mr. Henault’s field.  The sixth,  Protichnites  multinotatus, came from near the first one discovered, namely the track at the quarry on the St. Louis River at the village of Beauharnois.

Professor Owen included a seventh plate, Plate XIV.A, remarking that it is for a slab  “the casts of which were first brought over by Mr. Logan during the preceding year.”   Plate XIV.A therefore shows part of the original 12 ½ foot specimen described by Logan (1851) and Owen (1851) and taken to London in 1852.  It is shown below.

To understand why Professor Owen named six tracks it helps to translate the Latin names (provided in Billings, 1857) and to consider part of his Owen’s description:

1.  Protichnites septem-notatus   -   seven marked  - a repeating pattern of fourteen impressions of footprints, seven on the left of the medial line and seven on the right
2.  Protichnites  octo-notatus - eight marked  - a repeating pattern of sixteen impressions of footprints, eight on the left of the medial line and eight on the right
3.  Protichnites  latus    - broad  - “the impressions of the feet are deeper and larger”, the track would seem to have been made “by a different species having a body broader in proportion to its length
4.  Protichnites  multinotatus  - many marked  - “ a strong deviation of the intermediate groove from the mid-line between the two lateral series of impressions”
5.  Protichnites  lineatus - linear - the median “impression preserves in some parts... a considerable and equal depth; ... the lateral impressions... are represented by continuous grooves rather than by a succession of pits.”                
6.  Protichites  alternans  - alternate - “the opposite impressions of the series are not symmetrical; for where the impressions are widest apart on the left, those on the right...are nearest together... These impressions indicate a waddling gait, or an alternate oblique movement side to side...”.

It is also helpful to consider the following drawing of Protichnites septem-notatus  from Owen (1860) where he has circled the repeating sets of seven footprints.

While Owen (1852) described the tracks in detail, I find his descriptions hard to follow.  The best description is by Logan (1852b at pages 10 - 12):

“The track and footsteps, when the specimens are most perfect, in general present a median groove  more or less flat, and of different proportionate widths in different specimens, with a number of footprints on each side in answering pairs; certain sets or numbers of these answering pairs have homologous repetitions throughout the whole length of the track, as if they were the result of successive applications of the same impressing instruments, and the numbers of answering pairs in the homologues of different tracks are sometimes different, constituting something which may be considered analogous to difference of species. The homologues  in different tracks appear to have sometimes seven and sometimes eight answering pairs of pits, and it is difficult to say whether the pits are to be taken as  impressed by the extremities of so many legs, thus giving the animal fourteen legs in the one case, and sixteen in the other, or whether some of the impressing points are to be grouped in twos or threes, .... The median groove in most of the tracks is so uniformly in the middle between the footprints, as to favor the supposition that it may be occasioned by the effect of an immoveable breastplate or plastron, but in one remarkable instance, at a bend in the track, the groove gradually leaves the middle, and while it seems impressed with more than usual force, approaches and partially obliterates the footprints on the convex side, as if the impressing part had been the extremity of a tail, which, when the body turned to one side, interfered with the footprints in the rear, on the other. A feature common to all the grooves is, that each repetition or homologue of the footprints is accompanied with a deepening and shallowing of the groove, giving it the appearance of a chain of shallow troughs, which, when the impression is light, are separated from one another by intervals of the ungrooved surface. The groove is often but faintly indicated, and occasionally it is not perceptible; and frequently it happens when this occurs, that the footprints are stronger and deeper than when the groove is more conspicuously impressed. In some of the tracks, while the groove is straight, the exterior limits of the footprints offer a congeries of segments of a circle, convex on the outside, but those on opposite sides of the groove alternate, the segment on the one side, starting from the middle of the segment on the other, and giving to the whole series of footprints in the track a serpentining course, as if the animal had waddled in its gait. In one of the tracks there are three narrow grooves instead of footprints on each side, of the main one, for a certain distance, as if the limbs of the animal had been dragged along the bottom, while the body was afloat. ...  The generic term for the whole is Protichnites, and the specific names are, P. septemnotus., P. octonotatus, P. multinotatus,  P. alterans,  P. lineatus.”

A Plan of Mr. Henault’s Field at Beauharnois

   
Logan (1852) included a plan of Mr. Henault’s field at Beauharnois, the source for five of the six Protichnites specimens figured by Owen (1852).   Below is an edited version of Logan’s plan of the field.

Note that the scale is in chains (1 chain = 22 yards = 66 feet = 20.1 Meters); that the plan shows the direction of ripple marks on the bedding;  that I’ve shown the tracks in magenta; and that the tracks are on a number of different bedding planes.

Logan (1852) reported  ten tracks in area A, seventeen tracks in area B, six tracks in area C,  and ten tracks in an area that is a few yard to the east of area C.   Within a length of four chains (about 90 yards or 80 meters) Logan found 43 tracks.

All of the 43 tracks were between 4 inches and 6 1/2 inches wide, except for one that was 3/4 of an inch wide.   The longest track is 28 feet six inches long while the shortest was one foot long.  Twenty-six of the tracks from areas A, B and C were on smooth surfaces while seven of the tracks from areas A, B and C were on ripple marked surfaces.  (For the fourth area Logan did not identify the surface.)

Logan (1852) included additional plates showing closeup views of areas A, B and C.  Amended versions showing parts A and B are provided below.  Logan numbered each track on Part A and Part B and in his paper provided the length and width of the tracks.  Logan's plates also included numbers (that I've shown in blue with a blue square) corresponding to Owen's names for the tracks.

The plan of  part A shows the tracks that are  numbers 1, 5 and 6  of Professor Owen’s descriptions, namely:
1.  Protichnites septem-notatus (seven marked)
5.  Protichnites  lineatus (linear) 
6.  Protichnites  alternans (alternate)
For part A, seven of the tracks were on a smooth-surfaced bed, while two of the tracks (Logan's 9 & 10) were on a surface 2 inches lower showing ripple-marks, while the tenth track (Logan's 8) was "on a surface still lower by about 1 inch, but showing no ripple-mark."

The plan of  part B shows the tracks that are  numbers 2  and 3 of Professor Owen’s descriptions, namely:
2.  Protichnites  octo-notatus    (eight marked)
3.  Protichnites  latus    (broad)  
Of the seventeen tracks on part B, twelve tracks are on a smooth surface and five tracks (Logan's 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) are on a ripple marked surface 2 inches below the smooth one.

Logan (1863) provides various measured sections of Potsdam sandstone, including a section from Beauharnois in the vicinity of Henault’s field (1863, pages 105-106), where he describes the beds and indicates where ripple marks, wind marks, Protichnites tracks and Scolithus occur.   Based on his observations,  Logan (1860) suggested that “The crustacean which impressed the tracks at Beauharnois must have been a littoral animal..."   

Additional Locations for Protichnites Trackways Provided by Logan

Subsequent to giving his talks in London, Logan provided other localities where Protichnites tracks were found:

 - Protichnites, at Perth, Ontario in association with Climactichites (Logan, 1863, pages 93 and 107);
- in Lansdowne and Bastard township, Ontario (Logan, 1852b, page 10)
- “about a mile N. W. of Cuthbert's mills on the Chicot there is an exposure of fine grained white sandstone, characterized by Protichnites” (Logan, 1863, page 93);
 - Protichnites, on a peninsula on the north side of the Ottawa River, about seven miles below the mouth of the Petite Nation, (Logan, 1863, page 94);
- in the vicinity of Pointe du Grand Detroit in Vaudreuil, twelve miles west of the locality at the Beauharnois canal (Logan, 1863, page 90);.

Murray (1852, page 67) provides the best description of the tracks from near Pointe du Grand Detroit:

“[A]bout twenty-five acres above the Pointe du Grand Detroit, fine grained white quartzose sandstones were met with in beds of from six inches to two feet thick. Some surfaces displayed ripple-mark, and on one, trails and footprints of a species of animal exist, similar to the tracks occurring at Beauharnois, in the same description of beds. The largest of the tracks measures eight and a-half inches across, and the trail is visible for four feet, and gradually becomes obliterated at end. On the same surface, twenty yards farther up the stream, three additional tracks of the same sort were observed, each-one traversing the other two; two of these measured four inches across, and the third four and a-half inches; the last is distinct for three feet in length, and the other two, one foot eight inches, and one foot three inches respectively. The groove in the middle between the footprints on each side, so frequently seen at Beauharnois, occurs only in one of the smaller trails.”

I have provided  his full description, because most of the tracks were missing the groove in the middle and now would be identified as Diplichnites.

Pointe du Grand Detroit is now better known as Quarry Point and falls in Hudson, Quebec.  The stream that Murray referred to is likely the Vivery River/Vivery Creek.

Additional  reports of Climactichnites and Protichnites Trackways from Beauharnois

Others have reported on Climactichnites and Protichnites trackways from Beauharnois, including
Walcott (1914 at pages 261 and 277 ), who collected specimens from “Rogier’s farm just west of the town of Beauharnois”.    Yochelson and  Fedonkin (1993) mention that  “an exceptionally large slab containing numerous examples of both Climactichnites and Protichnites were collected from ‘a mile west of Beauharnois, Quebec’” by Walcott.   This is the large slab that is the frontispiece to their article and was at the date of their article “on public display off the east side of the Rotunda on the first floor of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.”

Clark and Usher (1948) reported that a quarry in Potsdam sandstone at Melocheville, which is about 3 km to the west of the original quarry at Bearharnois, had specimens of Climactichnites exposed on the quarry floor.  

 More recently, Lacelle, Hagadorn and Groulx (2012) reported on Climactichnites and Protichnites  trackways in the Keeseville Formation of the Potsdam sandstone at Beauharnois, together with other trace fossils, from which they concluded that “these fossils were produced in shallow marine to intermittently emergent sand-dominated coastal environments, with tracemakers occupying pools, channels, levees, floodplains, and on windy sand flats.”

Even more recently Splawinski,  Patterson and  Kwiatkowski (2016) reported Diplichnites trackways in the Cairnside formation of the Potsdam sandstone at Beauharnois,  Québec, noting that they found  “sedimentary structures and trace fossils indicative of supratidal, intertidal, and shallow-marine lithofacies.” 

Christopher Brett

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Addendum

Briefly Consider the following.

Two Protichnites tracemakers walk into a bar.  One says to the other “I’d lost track of you.”
   
Two Protichnites tracemakers walk into a bar.  One comments on his friends disheveled appearance, and is chastised “What do you expect, I was caught in the Cambrian Explosion!”

Three Protichnites tracemakers walk into a bar.  Two of them should have ducked.

A Protichnites tracemaker walks into a bar, orders a scotch on the rocks, and  the bartender asks  “Any particular kind?”   The tracemaker replies    “Any single malt whisky on quartz arenite– littoral or eolian is fine.   I’m not particular. ” (Is that just being siliclastic?)

What did the Protichnites tracemaker say when it ran into a long lost friend while exploring the eolian sand dunes?  “Long time no sea.”

If a paleontologist gives a talk commenting on Logan’s Holmesian reasoning in deducing that Protichnites tracemakers inhabited tidal flats, should the paleontologist conclude with the statement  “Sedimentary my dear Watson”?

Why is it hard to interview a Protichnites tracemaker?  All they want to do is make tracks.

Ichnologists are dogmatic.  It’s as if everything is written in stone.

Did you hear about the absent minded Ichnologist that was studying Protichnites?  He  kept getting off track.
       
Sir William E. Logan was a great fiction writer.   The problem is that everyone takes him littorally.

The theory that the Protichnites tracemaker was a trilobite is not that far fetched.  It should get equal Billings.

Did you hear about the  Protichnites tracemaker that was tired of sleeping on sand?  He bought a Walcott?

 Do Protichnites tracemakers  travel light because they don't Owen anything?

Did you hear that Protichnites tracemakers went on strike for equal treatment with Climactichnites tracemakers?   They wanted a resting trace.

When the Protichnites tracemaker asked the Climactichnites tracemaker why it didn’t venture inland, the Climactichnites tracemaker responded  “Tidal flat.  Sand dune hilly.”

Did you hear about the Euthycarcinoid that disappeared without a trace?  Probably not.
   
Did you hear about the  Protichnites tracemaker that was always contradicting itself?  Kept saying “That’s not what I sediment.”

Why don’t Protichnites tracemakers commit crimes?  They’re easy to track down.   

Did you hear about the foolish Euthycarcinoid that robbed a bank?   The police were able to trace the funds.

Did you hear about the Euthycarcinoid that was born on the wrong side of the tracks? He made good.

Protichnites tracemakers were too vain to hang out with Trilobites.  They didn’t want to become dated.       

If a fossil is defined as a markedly outdated or old-fashioned person or thing, why does the study of Ichnology never get old?

The Pike Lake Pluton - A Layered Syenite Intrusion in Lanark County

The Pike Lake Pluton lies about 12 kilometres (8 miles) south of Perth between Pike Lake and Black Lake.  It falls mainly within North Burgess Township of Lanark County (now Burgess Ward of Tay Valley Township), and extends westward into North Crosby Township of Leeds County.

The Pike Lake Pluton is comprised of syenite and  has been dated at 1178 ±  3 Ma by Davidson and van Breemen  (2000), who placed it in the Frontenac terrane of the Central Metasedimentary belt of the Grenville Province.  

The pluton is shown on  the following geological map and described in   Jean Dugas' doctoral thesis, where it is identified as the Black Lake body.

Wilson, Morley E. and  Dugas, Jean,  1961,
Map 1089A, Geology, Perth, Lanark and Leeds Counties, Ontario, Geological Survey of Canada; Geology by Morley E. Wilson, 1930 and Jean Dugas, 1949; Descriptive notes by Jean Dugas.
https://doi.org/10.4095/107951

Dugas, Jean, 1952,
 Geology of the Perth map area, Lanark and Leeds Counties, Ontario; Ph. D., McGill, 189 pages, four  maps.     Map 1089A replicates a map that is part of the  thesis.
http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/thesescanada/vol2/QMM/TC-QMM-124004.pdf
http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile124004.pdf
  
Below is an extract from Map 1089A  showing the Pike Lake  pluton.

The Bedding (Igneous Layering)

Worth noting on Map 1089A is that bedding (igneous layering)  is shown for at least 22 locations within the boundaries of the pluton, and that at 14 locations the map shows foliation.   Further, in the text of his thesis Dugas (1952) remarked on the good bedding within the syenite body and included a spectacular photo of bedding in the syenite body (his photo number  54 at page 159 of his thesis).   Dugas places the outcrop shown in  photo  number  54 in Lot 24, Concession VI of North Burgess township.   (Locating that outcrop is problematic as his Black Lake syenite body (the Pike Lake pluton) does not appear to outcrop in Lot 24 of Concession VI.)

One interesting feature within the Pike Lake Pluton, that is shown on the above extract from Map 1089A, is a thin lens of pyroxenite syenite along the Eastern margin (close to Black Lake)  that is parallel to the bedding and extends over a length of at least one and a half miles (2.4 kilometers).  The lens appears to be about 1/16 of a mile (100 meters) thick.  It would be interesting to determine whether this is layering within the syenite body, or a separate intrusion.

The Syenite

Jean Dugas (1952) identified four main syenite bodies within his map area: the McGowan-Lanark body, the Bathurst body, the Crosby body and the Black Lake body.   What recent authors call the Pike Lake pluton, Jean Dugas called the Black Lake body. 

Jean Dugas summarized the common characteristics of the four main syenite bodies as follows (pages 52-53):

“1. The rock is commonly pink though it may grade to grey or brown where magnetite is most abundant. The brown coloring is probably caused by staining of the feldspars by iron hydroxide.
2. The rock varies in grain size from 1 mm. to 5 mm. and may be porphyritic.
3. The predominant mafic minerals are biotite and hornblende (near hastingsite in composition), pyroxene being only minor in amount.
4. The magnetite-ilmenite content is high, though not uniformly distributed. All syenite bodies give strong magnetic anomalies, though sections are poorly magnetic.
5. Accessory minerals are mainly apatite and sphene, the latter commonly forming a rim around magnetite crystals.  Sphene is probably secondary after ilmenite (cf'. photo no. 71 p. 54).
6. The feldspars are microcline and oligoclase (Ab. 85).
7. The foliation is prominent near the margins of the body.
8.  Migmatitic complex of' granite and syenite is common along the margins of these larger syenite masses. “

He also comments specifically on the Black Lake Body:

At pages 51-52,
"Another lens-shaped body (Black Lake body) lies between Pike Lake and Black Lake. This body has a maximum width of slightly more than a mile and extends for more than four miles."

At pages 59 - 60
“Black Lake body
This is one of the most interesting of the syenite bodies. The rock at the center of the body, though variable in grain size and color, is typically brownish, medium grained and massive. Away from the center of the body, the syenite has similar composition but is very well banded   (ct. photo no. 54 p. 159).  Further from the center the rocks are syenite-granite migmatite and on the outer edges are garnet gneiss. Good exposures of the latter occur on the shore of Pike Lake. Reference to this body is made in subsequent chapters."
           
At pages 152, 153
“Magnetic Data
Glancing at the geological map and the air survey magnetic contour intervals, there can be no doubt that all major magnetic anomalies are caused by syenite or quartz syenite bodies. ... [T]he Black Lake body is probably the best example of a sharp magnetic anomaly, though readings do not exceed 1,700 gammas. Contacts could have been traced fairly accurately from the magnetic contours alone.”

At pages 158, 161
“No absolute evidence of the magmatic origin of the syenites, granites and diorites can be given. The beat example of these features is within the Black Lake syenite body ( cf. figure p. 160). The center of this body is massive and around the massive rocks, without sharp contact, very well bedded  rocks (cf. photo no. 54, p. 159) have obviously an igneous syenite composition. The rock then grades to a migmatitic complex of syenite-granite and, on the shore of Pike Lake, to a typical biotite-garnet gneiss.”
   

OGS Re-mapping the Perth Sheet

In my blog posting from last December I mentioned that Dr. Easton of the Ontario Geological Survey is currently remapping the Perth Sheet.  Within the Perth map area Dr. Easton (2015, 2016a) has divided the Frontenac terrane  into 3 subdomains:  the western, central and eastern subdomains.   From the text of his reports it appears that he places the Pike Lake Pluton within his western subdomain, commenting (2015, at page 18-6): “Frontenac suite intrusions in the western subdomain consist of pre- to syntectonic (e.g., Pike Lake pluton, 1178±4 Ma), syntectonic (e.g., Bennett Bay pluton, 1164±2 Ma) and posttectonic (e.g., North Cosby pluton, 1157±3 Ma) intrusions (all ages from Davidson and van Breemen 2000). This relative age range is also observed in the smaller Frontenac suite intrusions. Older intrusions, especially the smaller bodies, appear to be more quartz rich (quartz syenite, quartz syenite) than the younger intrusions (syenite, monzonite).”    He also notes that “The western subdomain consists of both felsic and mafic Frontenac suite intrusions that are rimmed by migmatitic, compositionally varied, quartzofeldspathic gneisses that are commonly cut by smaller irregular bodies and sills of Frontenac suite intrusive rocks. It is not clear if these smaller intrusive bodies are simply sheet-like injections of magma emplaced during deformation, or if they represent cupolas or roof-pendants of a larger intrusive body at depth.”    His final report should be worth reading.

Christopher Brett
Perth

References and Suggested Reading

Davidson, A. and van Breemen, O., 2000
Age and extent of the Frontenac plutonic suite in the Central metasedimentary belt, Grenville Province, southeastern Ontario; Geological Survey of Canada, Current Research 2000-F4; Radiogenic Age and Isotopic Studies: Report 13; 15 pages;
https://books.google.ca/books?isbn=0660182300
publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection-R/GSC-CGC/M44-2000/M44-2000-F4E.pdf

Easton, R. M.,  2015
Project Unit 15-014. Precambrian and Paleozoic Geology of the Perth Area, Grenville Province; in Summary of Field Work and Other Activities, 2015. Ontario Geological Survey, OFR 6313
at pages 18-1 to 18- 13
http://www.mndm.gov.on.ca/en/news/mines-and-minerals/summary-field-work-and-other-activities-2015  
              
Easton, R.M.,  2016a.
Precambrian and Paleozoic geology of the Perth area, Grenville Province; in Summary of Field Work and Other Activities, 2016, Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6323, p.17-1 to 17-13.

Easton, R.M.,  2016b.
Metasomatism, syenite magmatism and rare earth element and related metallic mineralization in Bancroft and Frontenac terranes: A preliminary deposit model; in Summary of Field Work and Other Activities, 2016, Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6323, p.18-1 to 18-9.

Both of Dr. Easton's 2016  reports can be downloaded from:
http://www.mndm.gov.on.ca/en/news/mines-and-minerals/summary-field-work-and-other-activities-2016